The world, East West is embroiled in conflicts and wars since the last 200 years. millions human being have died. The present Ukraine Russia war has eaten more than 1.5 million human beings. Israel destruction of Gaza now casualties are almost hundred thousand Strange! The very people who for decades, rather centuries had been subjected to slavery and subjugation, now pressing migrants in South Africa to leave. Slogan, South Africa for Afrikaans and the migrants must leave. This phenomenon is not confined to South Africa there are many countries in Africa who are in grip of nationalist fever. The question is why now in the beginning of 21st Century. Let us examine the roots of the nationalism. Nationalism is specific to equality, ideology particular to ethnicity , common culture, language . religion and history. There emerged three streaks of nationalist fervour . First , in Europe nationalism emerged post French revolution and consequently it reached its zenith with de consolidation of Europe . People of Europe rose against Napoleon on this very issue and he was eventually defeated in Waterloo. European states immersed themselves in extreme nationalism and commitment , A new identity for the European states cemented . Sometime this slogan is used to consolidate as in Germany. Communists Revolution in Russia also used National identity against Tzar. This nationalist approach was responsible , in leading to the first world war. The second streak , occurred with the segmentation of Ottoman empire under slogans of nationalism, the lands East of Suez under Ottoman rule rebelled, subtracted to smaller states with the connivance British , conspiracies known as British mandate. Fragmentation of Ottoman’s led to British dominance in Middle East; it was ensured they remain subservient to the British. The British were afraid , this area may be occupied by a big power of the time , Russia . it was always Russia which haunted the British . It is important to study 1820 Truces agreement , and in 1853 Perpetual Agreement. Henceforth British denoted them to Trucial states. Post 1971 the British decided to withdraw from the East of Suez and this arrangement was created so that these states remain dependent and useful to the west. It was a nationalism concept promoted by the British . These states were internally autonomous but externally their Defence and foreign affairs remained subservient to the British. On British withdrawal these states consolidated themselves as UAE . On British withdrawal United States took over the responsibility and established its bases in the Gulf states. These US bases were upgraded and strengthened after the Iranian revolution in 1979 which itself was the slogan of Iranian Islamic revolution. Thirdly in South East Asia conflicts were created amongst established Empires breaking them into smaller states . Post World War II ethnic and religious sentiments furbished to create the concept of nationalist states . Cobbling up these states was strategic necessity post 1971 . This arrangement worked to create mega cities in the sands of Gulf . The cities , especially Dubai emerging as financial and trade hub . After destruction of Bruit and Hong Kong the control expected to shift to China . Within decade Dubai and other cities emerged as star cities, powerful financial and trade hubs . The lifeline of the cities was on Finance and Tourism largely controlled by the western Jew oriented companies. Within three decades UAE became the star destination of the Financers and tourists. The Iranian resilience and impact of their proxies in all countries of the Middle East forced Gulf states subservient to United States for their Defence. Thus, United States and the Western powers became the major beneficiaries in this game. After the commencement of the Israeli Gaza war and attack on Iran , disillusionment gaining strength , especially in the follow up of UAEs accepting Abraham Accords and recognition of Isreal . Many a UAE intellectuals express with the Gulf states remaining attached to American interests and Isreal is a poison . Perpetual enmity with Iran will hit gulf states. Sharjah under Qasim tribe was always adrift from UAE due to control of Abu Dhabi , based its strategic tilt due security dependency on US and Isreal . Again, tribal nationalism has been used. In South Asia the leverage of nationalism was used to create smaller states by the British to rule indirectly. It was presumed for direct control a very large Army and resources will be required for a country like India, a sub continent itself . Ironically the birth of India Pakistan also came into being on two nation theory. Post 2014 with the rise BJP government in India the concept of Hindutva gained currency and now penetrated in each of every segment of Indian fabric. This has been also instrumental in India turning towards State terrorism to create a fictional empire, Akhund Bharat. It has put both India and Pakistan perpetually on the path of enmity. Contrarily , Islam does not believe in narrow nationalism but all Muslims are an Ummat and brothers . Ironically inner struggle commenced soon . Seeds of nationalism and tribalism did not die and later history of Muslims is nothing but inner conflicts and wars . If Europe in last three hundred years bled itself, Muslim states were not far behind . Spilling of blood of Muslims amongst is unprecedented. Short period of globalisation after fall of Soviet Union ended within the first quarter of 21st century. More-so, control of resources, energy, rare earth minerals and , technological requirements and control of financial leverage have placed one against the other. Ukraine Russia war , control of Middle East initiated power struggle , pursuit of greater Isreal are factors are drivers of war between, US and Isreal and manifest this phenomenon. Even Trump has raised the slogan , America First dumping the ideals of American democracy , established, and propagated last two centuries. In Europe parties of right are again are emerging . This geostrategic turmoil is transition from US power world Order to a new world order with multipolarity in power. This will remain so for some time along with and wars countries aligning one way or other.
So as Pakistan also fell victim to narrow ethnic , cultural and economic divisions. Now , with modern domains war , cyber, communication, and space spell doom in the emerging world order. if world do not correct its course it has taken . Pakistan is no exception.
